The mountain villages cover about 45% of the total land area however only 3.9% of the total population reside in the mountain villages and most of them are senior citizen.
The Mountain Village Development Project, accordingly, was initiated by KFS in 1995 in view of securing a stable working force for forest management and raising household income to enhance local living standards.
For these purposes, more public facilities were built in mountain villages and sawmill construction was encouraged. High value-added wild vegetables like Wild Ginseng have been cultivated as well. Some of other projects include recreation forests, forest road construction, planting, forest tending and thinning. Income projects facilitated direct marketing of forest products between the urban and rural residents. There are 171 model villages developed around the country.